
This is part 2 of the Amharic alphabet lesson.
- Today in this lesson, we will cover 8 new consonant letters and around 64 consonant–vowel combinations. And we will practice forming short and meaningful Amharic words from the beginning, and we will use only the letters we study today.
Let’s begin.
All the letters in the first three rows share the same ‘h’ sound, such as He, Hu, Hi, Ha, Hie, H, Ho, and Hua.
| ሀ | ሁ | ሂ | ሃ | ሄ | ህ | ሆ | ኋ |
| ሐ | ሑ | ሒ | ሓ | ሔ | ሕ | ሖ | ኋ |
| ኀ | ኁ | ኂ | ኃ | ኄ | ኅ | ኆ | ኋ |
| He | Hu | Hi | Ha | Hie | H | Ho | Hua |
| ለ | ሉ | ሊ | ላ | ሌ | ል | ሎ | ሏ |
| Le | Lu | Li | La | Lie | L | Lo | Lua |
| መ | ሙ | ሚ | ማ | ሜ | ም | ሞ | ሟ |
| Me | Mu | Mi | Ma | Mie | M | Mo | Mua |
| ሰ | ሱ | ሲ | ሳ | ሴ | ስ | ሶ | ሷ |
| Se | Su | Si | Sa | Sie | S | So | Sua |
| ሠ | ሡ | ሢ | ሣ | ሤ | ሥ | ሦ | ሷ |
| Se | Su | Si | Sa | Sie | S | So | |
| ረ | ሩ | ሪ | ራ | ሬ | ር | ሮ | ሯ |
| Re | Ru | Ri | Ra | Rie | R | Ro | Rua |
Let’s quickly revise the column patterns from the previous lesson. Memorize these 8 simple rules to be able to read Amharic quickly:
- The letters in the first column are clear and simple, and their vowel sound is ኧ/e.
- The letters in the second column have a hook on the right side, and their vowel sound is ኡ/u.
- The letters in the third column have a small foot on the right, and their vowel sound is ኢ/i.
- The letters in the fourth column are shorter on the left side, and their vowel sound is ኣ/a.
- The letters in the first column have a ring on the right, and their vowel sound is ኤ/ie.
- The letters in the sixth column are irregular; each letter has its own shape. Their shapes do not follow one same pattern, so we need to study them one by one.
- The letters in the first column end in different ways. Some have a ring on top, some have a short right leg, and some have a diagonal ending, and their vowel sound is ኦ/o.
- Most letters in the eights column have a horizontal line under them, and their vowel sound is ኡኣ/ua.
Letters in Basic Words:
Now, we will practice reading these letters in daily-used words. Repeat after me: they’re short words, not hard to pronounce.
| ሁሌ | Hulie | Always |
| ሁሉም | Hulum | All of them, everyone, everything |
| ሆሄ | Hohie | Letter / spelling |
| ኋላ | Huala | Latter, after, behind |
| ህመም | Hmem | Disease / Pain |
| ህልም | Hlm | Dream |
| ላም | Lam | A cow 🐮 |
| ላሜ | Lamie | My cow 🐮 |
| ላምህ | Lamh | Your cow (m) 🐮 |
| ላሟ | Lamua | The / Her cow 🐮 |
| ሌላ | Liela | Other, another one |
| ሌላስ? | Lielas? | What else? |
| ለሱ | Lesu | For him |
| ለሷ | Lesua | For her |
| ለሁሉም | Lehulum | For everyone, for everything. |
| ለራሱ | Lerasu | For himself |
| ለራሷ | Lerasua | For herself |
| መሃል | Mehal | Middle |
| ሙሉ | Mulu | Full, complete |
| ማሚ | Mami | Mom |
| ምሳ | Msa | Lunch |
| ምሳ ስሪ | Msa sri | Prepare a lunch (giving a command for a female). |
| ምሳ ስራ | Msa sra | Prepare a lunch (giving a command for a male). |
| ምላስ | Mlas | Tongue |
| ምሳሌ | Msalie | Example |
| ለምሳሌ፦ | Lemsalie | For example, |
| ራሱ | Rasu | Himself, itself, his head |
| ራሷ | Rasua | Herself, her head |
| ሬሳ | Riesa | Dead body, corpse |
| ሱሪ | Suri | Pants, trousers 👖 |
| ሲሶ | Siso | One third of something |
| ስም | Sm | Name |
| ስሜ | Smie | My name |
| ስሟ | Smua | Her name |
| ስምህ | Smh | Your name (m) |
| ስምሽ | Smsh | Your name (f) |
| ስሪ | Sri | Prepare, make (f) |
| ሶማሌ | Somalie | Somali |
Homework:
- Copy the following 12 words by hand in your notebook
- Take a photo of your handwriting
- Record your voice reading each word their transliteration and meaning
Then, send both the photo and the voice recording to our Telegram group or WhatsApp group.
I will personally check your work, track your progress, and give feedback whenever necessary.
| ሆሄ | Hohie | Letter / spelling |
| ኋላ | Huala | Latter, after, behind |
| ህመም | Hmem | Disease / Pain |
| ህልም | Hlm | Dream |
| ላምህ | Lamh | Your cow (m) 🐮 |
| ሌላስ? | Lielas? | What else? |
| ስም | Sm | Name |
| ስሜ | Smie | My name |
| ስምህ | Smh | Your name (m) |
| ስምሽ | Smsh | Your name (f) |
| ስሪ | Sri | Prepare, make (f) |
| ሶማሌ | Somalie | Somali |